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It is widely
accepted that good physical infrastructure not only helps
draw investment into a country and promotes economic growth,
but also enhances the “quality of life”. Clear and
effective infrastructure policies are critically important
to the implementation of a nation’s wealth-creating
strategy. Infrastructure has become a national competitive
tool, an essential dimension in national economic and social
development.
The business of infrastructure has changed dramatically over
the past years. Previously the management by civil
servants of public utilities generated little excitement.
This changed in the 80’s with the advent of privatisation
and in the early 90’s, as the globalisation of
infrastructure industries became one of the most significant
parts of international business. However, limited
public sector resources and continued disappointment with
the result of traditional public sector provision have led
countries, in both the developed and developing world, to
re-examine the role of government in the provision of
infrastructure. Can they afford to satisfy the
infrastructure needs of their people? Should they
manage essential services, and, if so, on what basis, or
should these services be privatised? How should new
infrastructure projects be funded and are the financial,
legal, project management, craft and technical skills
available in the labour force? How can civil services
be reformed to regulate appropriately and provide an
efficient environment for infrastructure development?
In many parts of the world, the need for infrastructure
capital has been so great that governments have had little
choice but to withdraw from the immediate ownership of major
infrastructure projects and focus their role on economic
regulation of public amenities and utilities. Many
governments are finding it increasingly difficult to invest
in infrastructure and maintain an appropriate balance
between revenue and expenditure to fund other essential
services, as the expectations of their people increase.
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